That's an excellent question, especially for those of us who live in colder climates. The performance of an outdoor trash bin in freezing temperatures really comes down to the materials it's made from and its overall design.
Generally, high-quality bins made from materials like durable polyethylene or metal with a weather-resistant coating hold up quite well. The main issue isn't the bin itself cracking from the cold, but rather the contents freezing to the interior. You've likely experienced the frustration of a trash bag frozen solid to the bottom of the can.
Bins with a smooth, non-porous interior finish are your best bet, as they are less likely for trash to stick to. A tapered design, where the top is slightly wider than the bottom, also makes a huge difference. It allows for much easier removal of frozen trash bags. In contrast, straight-walled bins can be a real challenge when everything is iced together.
For extreme conditions, consider bins marketed as all-weather or heavy-duty. These often have added UV stabilizers and are designed to remain flexible and impact-resistant even in sub-zero temperatures. A simple tip to prevent freezing is to place a layer of cardboard or a few old leaves at the bottom of the bin before inserting the bag. This creates a barrier that absorbs moisture and prevents the bag from freezing in place.
With the right bin and a little preparation, you can certainly manage your outdoor waste effectively, even through the deepest winter freeze.