That's an excellent and practical question! From my experience in urban maintenance and conversations with public works departments, there's no single number, but heavy-duty commercial bins typically last between 5 to 12 years. The range is so wide because lifespan depends heavily on several key factors.
First and foremost is material. Galvanized steel bins are the workhorses, often lasting 7-12 years with proper care. They resist rust well but can eventually succumb to corrosion, especially from salty air or harsh chemicals. Polyethylene (plastic) bins are lighter and rust-proof, generally serving for 5-10 years, though they can become brittle and crack in extreme sun or cold.
Location and usage are huge determinants. A bin in a calm residential park will far outlast one in a bustling downtown alley, where it faces constant impacts from collection trucks, overfilling, and general rough handling. Climate plays a role too; areas with harsh winters (road salt) or intense coastal salt spray accelerate wear.
Finally, maintenance is critical. Bins with timely repairs to lids, hinges, and wheels can have their lives extended significantly. Neglected small issues lead to major failures.
So, while you can expect a well-made heavy-duty bin to last around a decade, its actual service life is a direct result of the quality you buy, the abuse it endures, and the care it receives. Most municipalities plan for replacement cycles within that 7-10 year window.