That's an excellent question many city planners and facility managers consider. Over a decade, the total cost involves more than just the initial purchase price. Let's break it down realistically.
Initially, plastic trash cans typically cost 30-50% less than comparable metal ones. A standard 50-gallon plastic bin might be $150, while a galvanized steel equivalent could be $220. This upfront saving makes plastic attractive for budget-conscious purchases.
However, durability tells a different story. High-density polyethylene plastic resists corrosion and doesn't rust, which is valuable in wet climates. But it becomes brittle with prolonged UV exposure, often cracking in 3-5 years in harsh sunlight. Metal cans, particularly powder-coated or galvanized steel, withstand physical impacts better but can rust if the coating is damaged, especially from salt used on winter roads.
Maintenance costs differ significantly. Plastic requires almost none—no painting, just occasional cleaning. Metal bins need touch-up painting for scratches to prevent rust, adding labor and material costs. Vandalism repair also varies; plastic might crack irreparably, while metal often can be hammered back into shape.
Replacement cycles are crucial. A quality metal trash can frequently lasts the full 10 years, sometimes longer with proper maintenance. Plastic often requires replacement at the 5-7 year mark, meaning you're potentially buying two units over the decade.
Considering all factors—purchase price, maintenance labor, materials, and replacement costs—the 10-year total for a metal trash can often equals or slightly exceeds that of plastic when replacing plastic once. However, in high-vandalism areas or places with extreme sun exposure, metal's longevity can make it more cost-effective. Conversely, in mild, coastal environments where salt air corrodes metal, plastic might win on longevity.
The best choice depends on your specific urban environment, climate, and maintenance capabilities. Many cities now use a mixed approach: metal for high-traffic downtown areas and plastic for residential parks.