That's an excellent question that gets to the heart of public works maintenance! From my experience observing city infrastructure, the durability of urban trash bins against cleaning chemicals largely depends on their material composition.
Most modern public bins are made from materials specifically chosen for this challenge. Stainless steel is a top contender, highly resistant to most common disinfectants and bleaches, though it can be susceptible to strong chloride-based cleaners which may cause pitting. Powder-coated steel bins have a protective layer that holds up well, but abrasive scrubbing with harsh chemicals can wear down the coating over time, leading to rust.
Plastic bins, typically made from HDPE or polyethylene, generally resist chemical corrosion quite effectively. However, some strong solvents or undiluted acids can cause surface degradation or discoloration. The good news is that municipal cleaning crews are usually trained to use appropriately diluted solutions that effectively sanitize without compromising bin integrity. Many cities now use enzyme-based or hydrogen peroxide cleaners that are tough on germs but gentler on materials.
Regular maintenance with the right chemicals actually extends the lifespan of these bins by preventing bacterial growth and material decay. The key is using the proper concentration and application method for each specific bin material.