Short answer: yes, but only partly. A dome top can help an urban trash can overflow less often because it changes how people use the bin and how the weather affects it. The dome or hood usually covers the opening and leaves a smaller mouth, so people can’t stuff in bulky bags or push down large takeaway containers as easily. It also keeps rain out, which matters because soggy waste takes up more space and can make bins smell worse and clog. In busy streets, a dome top can also hide the contents and make it less tempting for people to add household garbage or for animals to dig through. That often means less spillage around the base.
But a dome top is not a magic solution. If the opening is too small, people leave coffee cups and food boxes beside the bin, which creates a different kind of litter problem. If the bin is emptied too rarely, it will still overflow. If the capacity is too low for the foot traffic, the lid style won’t fix it. Dome tops also need good maintenance: hinges break, openings get blocked, and the area around the bin still needs cleaning. In some cases, a dome top can even encourage people to force waste into the opening, which leads to jammed bins and more litter.
So the honest answer is that dome-top trash cans can reduce overflow when they are part of a sensible system: right size, right opening, frequent emptying, good placement, and clear public messaging. On their own, they help, but they don’t solve urban waste overflow by design alone.