Yes, they do exist, but in practice chaining bins together is more of a secondary safety measure than a standard city solution. You can find heavy-duty outdoor trash cans with pre-drilled anchor tabs, security chain kits, and mounting brackets, and some park or transit specifications allow bins to be chained to fixed posts, rails, or each other in low-risk areas.
That said, most cities prefer to anchor each receptacle independently. Bolted base plates, weighted bases, concrete pads, and anti-tip brackets are usually more reliable than a chain between two cans. Chaining cans to each other can help stop a light bin from being knocked over, but it also creates maintenance and safety issues: chains can become tripping hazards, make servicing harder, interfere with accessibility or fire codes, and fail if one anchor point is weak.
So the honest answer is: yes, chainable and chain-ready urban trash cans exist, but they are not a universal fix. If you are specifying them, look for commercial outdoor receptacles with tamper-resistant anchor points, use short security chains or straps to a fixed structure where allowed, and check local sanitation, ADA, and fire requirements before chaining bins together.