Short answer: yes, and in many cities they already are. If a trash can keeps tipping over, there are several practical ways to anchor it without making it impossible to empty or move for maintenance.
The most common approach is a surface-mount anchor. The can or its base sits on a concrete pad, and bolts or tamper-resistant screws go through a mounting plate into the concrete. This is common for newer street cans. Another method is to embed a post or sleeve in a concrete footing and slide the can over it or lock it to it. Some bins use weighted bases instead of true anchoring—heavy concrete or steel bottoms that keep the center of gravity low. That can work in sheltered areas, but for high winds, busy sidewalks, or sloped ground, a real anchor is better.
The key is to match the anchor to the can and location. A cheap plastic bin with no mounting points may need an aftermarket bracket or a weighted ring. A large steel solar compactor may have predrilled holes and require chemical anchors. You also have to think about drainage so water doesn't pool around the base, and about servicing: workers need to unlock, empty, and clean the can. If the anchor is too permanent, maintenance becomes a pain. If it's too weak, the can still walks away or flips.
Anchoring also helps with theft and vandalism, not just tipping. But you don't want to create a trip hazard or block accessible routes. In some cities, anchors are required for cans near transit stops, parks, and windy corners. In others, it's up to the property owner or business improvement district.
So, yes—urban trash cans can absolutely be anchored to the ground. The best method is usually a concrete footing or surface-mounted bracket with tamper-resistant hardware, possibly combined with a weighted base. If you're dealing with a specific can, check whether the manufacturer sells an anchoring kit; that's often the cleanest solution.