That's an excellent and very practical question! It really depends on the quality and type of plastic used in the bin's construction. For most standard, thin-walled plastic bins, yes, extreme cold is a real concern. In sub-zero temperatures (think well below freezing), certain plastics can indeed become brittle and more prone to cracking or shattering if impacted, like being knocked over or having heavy waste dropped into them.
However, higher-quality waste bins, especially those designed for commercial or heavy-duty outdoor use, are often made from materials like polyethylene (HDPE or LLDPE) that are formulated for durability across a wide temperature range. These resins include additives that improve impact resistance in the cold. So, while they might stiffen up, they retain much of their toughness and are less likely to crack under normal use.
My advice? If you live in a region with harsh winters, look for bins labeled as "all-weather," "cold-resistant," or with a specified low-temperature tolerance. Thicker walls also help. Avoid putting stress on any plastic bin in deep cold—try not to force a frozen lid or flex the plastic. The good news is that for a quality bin, the brittleness is usually temporary; once the plastic warms up, it typically regains its flexibility. It's always best to check the manufacturer's specifications for the lowest recommended operating temperature to be sure.