That's a great question that more homeowners and property managers should be asking. The short answer is: it depends heavily on the quality of the bin and the specific lock mechanism. Let's break it down naturally.
Most standard locking outdoor bins you find at hardware stores use a simple hasp and padlock system or an integrated plastic latch. These are generally effective at deterring casual rummaging by animals like raccoons, stray cats, and dogs. A determined raccoon, however, is surprisingly clever and may eventually figure out a simple latch. For typical suburban use, these locks provide a good first line of defense against pests and help keep lids closed in the wind.
For higher-security needs—like in bear country, at commercial sites, or in areas with high vandalism—you need to look at heavy-duty options. Commercial-grade bins often feature integrated steel locks, combination mechanisms, or reinforced hasps designed for serious padlocks. These are much more effective at preventing access by larger animals and deterring human interference. The weak point often isn't the lock itself but the material of the bin where the lock is attached; a plastic housing can be pried or broken.
Weather is another factor. Cheaper locks can rust or freeze shut, while quality locks are made from coated metals or polymers to withstand the elements. Regular maintenance, like a quick spray of lubricant, is key for long-term function.
So, are they secure? For everyday pest control and lid containment, yes, they are adequately secure. For true wildlife security (like bears) or high-theft areas, you must invest in a bin specifically rated for that purpose and pair it with a robust padlock. Always check the sturdiness of the lock's attachment points—that's usually where security fails.